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REFERENCES CITED AND RESEARCHED
Adovasio, J.M., J.D. Gunn, J. Donahue, and R. Stuckenrath
1978  Meadowcroft rockshelter, 1977: an overview. American Antiquity 43:632-651.

Adovasio, J.M., J.D. Gunn, J. Donahue, R. Stuckenrath, J.E. Guilday, and K. Volman
1980  Yes Virginia, It Really Is That Old: A Reply to Haynes and Mead. American
Antiquity 45:588-595.

Anthony, D.
1978  The Archaeology of Worcester County: An Information Survey. Institute for
Conservation Archaeology Report 21. Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge.

Barber, R.J.
1979  A Summary and Analysis of Cultural Resource Information on the Continental Shelf
from the Bay of Fundy to Cape Hatteras. Vol. II: Archaeology and Paleontology. Institute for Conservation Archaeology, Peabody Museum, Harvard.

Beers, F. W.
1870  Atlas of Worcester County, Massachusetts. F. W. Beers and Co., New York.

Bernabo, J. C., and T. Webb
1977  Changing Patterns in the Holocene Pollen Record of Northeastern North
America: a Mapped Summary. Quaternary Research 8:64-96.

Binzen, T., S. Cherau, and K. Boire
1998  Marion Community-Wide Reconnaissance Archaeological Survey, Marion,
Massachusetts. On file at the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

Bolian, C.E.
1980  The Early and Middle Archaic of the Lakes Region, New Hampshire. In Early and
Middle Archaic Cultures in the Northeast, edited by D. R. Starbuck and C.E. Bolian. Occasional Publications in Northeastern Anthropology 7.

Bolton Historical Commission (BHC)
2000  Historic narrative on Bolton=s web page.

Bourque, B.J.
1976  The Turner Farm Site: A Preliminary Report. Man in the Northeast 22:21-30.

1995  Diversity and Complexity in Prehistoric Maritime Societies: A Gulf of Maine
Perspective. Plenum, New York.


Bragdon, K.J.
1981  Another Tongue Brought In: An Ethnohistorical Study of Native Writings in
Massachusett. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Brown University.

1996  Native Peoples of Southern New England, 1500-1650. University of Oklahoma
Press, Norman.

Braun, E.K., and D.P. Braun
1994  The First Peoples of the Northeast. Lincoln Historical Society, Lincoln,
Massachusetts.

Brooke, J.
1989  The Heart of the Commonwealth: Society and Political Culture in Worcester
County, Massachusetts, 1713-1861. University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst.

Bullen, R.P.
1940  The Dolly Bond Steatite Quarry. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological
Society 2(1):14-23.

1948  A Rock Shelter near Worcester. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological
Society 10(1):16.

Bumstead, M.P.
1980  VT-CH-94: Vermont=s Earliest Known Agricultural Experiment Station. Man in
the Northeast 19:73-82.

Carlson, C.C.
1986  Archival and Archaeological Research Report on the Configuration of the Seven
Original 17th Century Praying Indian Towns of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. University of Massachusetts Archaeological Services, Amherst. Report on file with the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

Carlson, C.C., G.J. Armelagos, and A.L. Magennis
1992  Impact of Disease on the Precontact and Early Historic Populations of New
England and the Maritimes. In Disease and Demography in the Americas, edited by J.W. Verano and D.H. Ubelaker, pp. 141-153. Smithsonian, Washington.

Cogley, R.W.
1999  John Eliot=s Mission to the Indians Before King Philip=s War. Harvard University,
Cambridge.

Commonwealth of Massachusetts
1909  Census of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts: 1905. Vol. 1. Wright & Potter
Printing Co., State Printers, Boston.

Connole, D.A.
1976  Land Occupied by the Nipmuck Indians of Central New England. Bulletin of the
Massachusetts Archaeological Society 38:14-20.

Curran, M.L.
1987  The Spatial Organization of Paleoindian Populations in the Late Pleistocene of the
Northeast. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

Curran, M.L., and D.F. Dincauze
1977  Paleo-Indians and Paleo-Lakes: New Data from the Connecticut Drainage. Annals
of the New York Academy of Sciences 288:333-348.

Custer, J.
1984  Delaware Prehistoric Archaeology: An Ecological Approach. University of
Delaware, Newark.

Davis, R., and G. Jacobsen, Jr.
1985  Late Glacial and Early Holocene Landscapes in Northern New England and
Adjacent Areas of Canada. Quaternary Research 23:341-368.

Dincauze, D.F.
1968  Cremation Cemeteries in Eastern Massachusetts. Papers of the Peabody Museum of
Archaeology and Ethnology 59(1).

1974  An Introduction to Archaeology in the Greater Boston Area. Archaeology of
Eastern North America 2:39-67.

1975  The Late Archaic Period in Southern New England. Arctic Anthropology 12(2):23-
34.

1976  The Neville Site: 8,000 Years at Amoskeag. Peabody Museum Monographs No. 4.
Harvard University, Cambridge.

1990  A Capsule Prehistory of Southern New England. In The Pequots in Southern New
England: The Fall and Rise of an American Indian Nation, edited by L. M. Hauptman and J. D. Wherry, pp. 19-32. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma, and London.

Dincauze, D.F., and M.L. Curran
1984  Paleoindians as Flexible Generalists: An Ecological Perspective. Paper presented
at the 24th Annual Meeting of the Eastern States Archaeological Federation, Hartford, Connecticut.

Dincauze, D.F., and M.T. Mulholland
1977  Early and Middle Archaic Site Distributions and Habitats in Southern New
England. In Amerinds and Their Paleoenvironments in Northeastern North America. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 288:439-456.

Dodge, K.S.
1965  The Oakholm Site: A Preliminary Report. Bulletin of the Massachusetts
Archaeological Society 28(2):24-27.

Donta, C.L.
2001  Archaeological Site Examination Survey of the Oak Knoll Prehistoric Site: An
Orient Phase Camp, Lincoln, Massachusetts. University of Massachusetts Archaeological Services Report UM-309b.

n.d.  Prehistoric Land Use at Meriam=s Corner. In Geological and Prehistoric
Investigations of the Meriam=s Corner Area, Minute Man National Historical Park, and the Location of the Skirmish on April 19, 1775, Concord, Massachusetts, by P. Barosh and C. Donta. University of Massachusetts Archaeological Services Report UM-256.

Donta, C.L., and M.T. Mulholland
1994  Archaeological Site Locational Survey for a Portion of the Charlestown Meadows
Site, Westborough, Massachusetts. University of Massachusetts Archaeological Services Report UM-186.

Ekblaw, W.E.
1949  The Nipmuc Chapter. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological Society
10(3):54-56.

Emerson, W.A.
1879  History of the Town of Douglas, Massachusetts. F.W. Bird, Boston.

Fenneman, N.M.
1938  Physiography of Eastern United States. McGraw-Hill, New York.

Ferguson, C.C.
1947  A West Brookfield Indian Burial. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological
Society 9(1):16.

Fiedel, S.J.
1999  Older Than We Thought: Implications of Corrected Dates for Paleoindians.
American Antiquity 64:95-115.


Filios, E.L.
       1989  The End of the Beginning or the Beginning of the End: The Third Millennium
B.P. in Southern New England. Man in the Northeast 38:79-93.

1990  Thresholds to Group Mobility Among Hunter-Gatherers: An Archaeological
Example from Southern New England. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.

Forbes, A.M.
1998  Bolton Historic Properties Survey.

Fowler, W.S.
1966  The Horne Hill Soapstone Quarry. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological
Society 27(2):17-27.

Funk, R.E., and J.E. Pfeiffer
1988  Archaeological and Paleoenvironmental Investigations on Fishers Island, New
York: A Preliminary Report. Bulletin of the Archaeological Society of Connecticut 51:69-110.

Gahan, Laurence K.
1941  The Nipmucks and Their Territory. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological
Society 2(4):2-6.

Gaudreau, D.
1986  Late-Quaternary Vegetational History of the Northeast: Paleoecological
Implications of Topographic Patterns in Pollen Distributions. Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.

Goddard, I.
1978  Eastern Algonquian Languages. In Handbook of North American Indians,
Northeast, vol. 15, edited by B. Trigger, pp. 70-77. Smithsonian, Washington.

Goddard, I., and K.J. Bragdon
1988  Native Writings in Massachusett. American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia.

Gookin, D.
1972  Historical Collections of the Indians of New England. Arno, New York.

Grumet, R.S.
1995  Historic Contact: Indian People and Colonists in Today=s Northeastern United
States in the Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries. University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.

Hamilton, Edward P.
       1964  The Village Mill in Early New England. Old Sturbridge Village Booklet Series.
Meriden Gravure Co., Meriden, Connecticut.

Haynes, C.V.
1980  The Clovis Culture. Canadian Journal of Anthropology 1:115-121.

Haynes, C.V., D.J. Donahue, A.J.T. Jull, and T.H. Zabel
1984  Application of Accelerator Dating to Fluted Point Paleoindian Sites. Archaeology
of Eastern North America 12:184-191.

Hazen, H.
1882  History of Billerica, Massachusetts. A. Williams & Co., Boston.

Herbster, H., and S. Cherau
2000  Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey, Town of Edgartown, Martha=s Vineyard,
Massachusetts. Public Archaeology Laboratory, Pawtucket, Rhode Island.

Holland, J.
1855  History of Western Massachusetts. Samuel Bowles & Co., Springfield,
Massachusetts.

Holman, S.
1831  Map of the Town of Bolton. On file at the Bolton Public Library, Bolton,
Massachusetts.

Holman, S., and N. Longley
1794  A Plan of the Town of Bolton. On file at the Massachusetts State Archives,
Boston.

Holmes, R., C. Hertz, M. Mulholland, J. E. Hood, D. Nixon, and E. Savulis
n.d.  Historic Cultural Land Use Study of Lower Cape Cod. National Park Service,
Lowell, Massachusetts.

Jacobsen, G., T. Webb, and E. Grimm
1987  Patterns and Rates of Vegetation Change During the Deglaciation of Eastern North
America. In North America and Adjacent Oceans During the Last Deglaciation, edited by W. Ruddiman and H. E. Wright, Jr., pp. 277-288. The Geology of North America, v. K-3, Geological Society of America.

Jochim, M.A.
1976  Hunter-Gatherer Subsistence and Settlement: A Predictive Model. Academic Press,
New York.

Johnson, E.S.
       1993  ASome by Flatteries and Others by Threatenings@: Political Strategies Among
Native Americans of Seventeenth-Century Southern New England. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

Johnson, E.S., and T.F. Mahlstedt
1982  Prehistoric Collections in Massachusetts: The Joseph Craig Collection, New
Braintree, Massachusetts. Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

1983  Prehistoric Collections in Massachusetts: The William Ellsworth Collection,
Petersham, Massachusetts. Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

1985  Prehistoric Overview. In Historic and Archaeological Resources of Central
Massachusetts, pp. 21-50. Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

Johnson, E.S., and M. Stachiw
1985  Topographic Overview. In Historic and Archaeological Resources of Central
Massachusetts, pp. 7-19. Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

Johnson, F.
1949  The Boylston Street Fishweir II. Papers of the Robert S. Peabody Foundation for
Archaeology No. 4, Andover, Massachusetts.

Jones, D.G., G.M. Macomber, and N.S. Seasholes
1992  Intensive Archaeological Survey of Temporary Work Spaces for Tennessee Gas
Pipeline Company=s Clinton Delivery Line for the Massachusetts Lateral Replacement Project in Bolton, Lancaster and Clinton, Massachusetts. Report on file with the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

Keith, B.D.
1965  An Adena-Connected Burial Site. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological
Society 27(1):1-5.

Leach, D.E.
1958  Flintlock and Tomahawk: New England in King Philip=s War. Macmillan, New
York.

Lightfoot, K.G.
1985  Shell Midden Diversity: A Case Example from Coastal New York. North
American Archaeologist 6:289-324.

Lima, A.
1998  Preservation Plan for the Town of Bolton. Prepared for the Bolton Historical
Commission.

Luedtke, B.E.
1980  The Calf Island Site and the Late Prehistoric Period in Boston Harbor. Man in the
Northeast 20:25-76.

Lynch, Thomas F.
1990  Glacial-Age Man in South America? A Critical Review. American Antiquity 55:12-
36.

McBride, K.A., and M. Soulsby
1989  Prehistory of Eastern Connecticut: Phase I, II, and III Archaeological Surveys for
Relocation of Route 6/I-84 Project, Vol. 1. Submitted to the Connecticut Department of Transportation, Hartford.

McGhee, R., and J.A. Tuck
1975  An Archaic Sequence from the Strait of Belle Isle, Labrador. Archaeological
Survey of Canada, paper no. 34. National Museum of Man Mercury Series, Ottawa.

McManamon, F.P.
1984  Chapters in the Archaeology of Cape Cod I: Results of the Cape Cod National
Seashore Archaeological Survey 1979-1981. National Park Service, Boston.

Macomber, G.M., D.G. Jones, and N.S. Seasholes
1990a  Intensive Archaeological Survey of Eight Proposed Pipeline=s of Tennessee Gas
Pipeline=s NOREX Project in Massachusetts. Report on file with the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

1990b  Intensive Archaeological Survey of Proposed Pipeyards for Tennessee Gas
Pipeline=s NOREX Project in Massachusetts. Report on file with the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

Marvin, A.P.
1879  History of the Town of Lancaster, Massachusetts: from the First Settlement to the
Present Time, 1643-1879. Town of Lancaster, Massachusetts.

Massachusetts Historical Commission (MHC)
1983  Reconnaissance Survey Report: Bolton. On file at the MHC, Boston.

Mayhew, M.
1694  A Brief Narrative of the Success which the Gospel hath had Among the Indians of
Martha=s Vineyard. B. Green, Boston.

Meltzer, D.J.
1989  Why Don=t We Know When the First People Came to North America? American
Antiquity 54:471-490.

Mulholland, M.T.
1984  Patterns of Change in Prehistoric Southern New England: A Regional Approach.
Ph.D. dissertation. Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

1988  Territoriality and Horticulture, A Perspective for Prehistoric Southern New
England. In Holocene Human Ecology in Northeastern North America, edited by G.P. Nicholas, pp. 137-166. Academic Press, New York.

1993  Forest Change and Site Frequencies in Southern New England. In Essays in
Honor of Richard B. Woodbury, edited by D.S. Krass, R.B. Thomas, and J.W. Cole. Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

O’Steen, L.D.
1987  Literature and Research Review for the Proposed Champlain Gas Pipeline
Corridor: Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. Report on file with the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

1989  Cultural Resource Literature and Research Review for the Pelham Mainline
Branch for the Champlain Gas Pipeline Corridor: Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. Report on file with the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

O=Steen, L.D., P.H. Garrow, and J.L. Holland
1988  Cultural Resource Review for the Champlain Gas Pipeline Corridor: Vermont,
New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. Report on file with the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

Public Archaeology Laboratory
      1978  Phase I Reconnaissance Survey of Route 146. Public Archaeological Laboratory,
Brown University, Providence.

Rainey, M.L., and A.P. Mair II
1999  Intensive Archaeological Survey, The International Golf Club, Bolton,
Massachusetts. Public Archaeological Laboratory, Brown University, Providence. Report on file with the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

Richards, L. J., and Company
1898  Map of Bolton and Berlin, Massachusetts. Copy on file at the Bolton Historical
Society, Bolton, Massachusetts.

Ritchie, Duncan
1984  Musketaquid, 8,000 years B.P. Paper presented at the 24th Annual conference of
the Northeastern Anthropological Association, Hartford.

1997  Medfield Community-wide Reconnaissance Archaeological Survey: Survey
Planning and Review Process Project, Medfield, Massachusetts. Public Archaeological Laboratory, Brown University, Providence. Report on file with the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

Ritchie, Duncan, Marsha K. King, Christy Vogt, and Patricia Fragola
1990  Archaeological Investigations of Minute Man National Historical Park, vol. II: An
Estimation Approach to Prehistoric Sites. Cultural Resources Management Study no. 23. National Park Service, North Atlantic Regional Office, Boston.

Ritchie, W.A.
1965  The Small Stemmed Point in New England. Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35:134-
138.

1969  The Archaeology of Martha=s Vineyard. Second edition. Natural History Press,
Garden City, New York.

1971  The Archaic in New York. New York State Archaeological Association Bulletin
52:2-12.

Ritchie, W.A., and R.E. Funk
1971  Evidence for Early Archaic Occupations on Staten Island. Pennsylvania
Archaeologist 41(3):45-59.

1973  Aboriginal Settlement Patterns in the Northeast. New York State Museum and
Science Service Memoir 20.

Robbins, M.
1949  A Brief Review of the Progress of the Massachusetts Archaeological Society.
Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological Society 10(3):50-53.

1967  The Titicut Site. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological Society 28(3+4):1-
10.

1980  Wapanucket. Massachusetts Archaeological Society, Attleboro, Massachusetts.

Roop, S. K.
1963  Mill River: An Archaic Upland Site. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological
Society 24(2):21-25.

Salisbury, N.
1974  Red Puritans: The >Praying Indians= of Massachusetts Bay and John Eliot. William
and Mary Quarterly 31:1.

Salwen, B.
1978  Indians of Southern New England and Long Island: Early Period. In Handbook of
North American Indians, Northeast, vol. 15, edited by B. Trigger, pp. 160-176. Smithsonian, Washington.

Sanger, D.
1973  Cow Point: An Archaic Cemetery in New Brunswick. Mercury Series,
Archaeological Survey of Canada, no. 12. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa.

Schultz, E., and M. Tougias
1999  King Philip=s War: The History and Legacy of America=s Forgotten Conflict. The
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Simmons, W.S.
1986  Spirit of the New England Tribes: Indian History and Folklore, 1620-1984.
University Press of New England, Hanover, New Hampshire.

Simmons, W.S., and G. Aubin
1975  Narragansett Kinship. Man in the Northeast 9:21-31.

Skinas, D.C.
1995  Massachusetts Natural Resources Conservation Service Cultural Resources
Activities Report. Report on file with the Massachusetts Historical Commission, Boston.

Snow, D.
1980  The Archaeology of New England. Academic Press, New York.

Spence, M.W., and W.A. Fox
1986  The Early Woodland Occupations of Southern Ontario. In Early Woodland
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Spiess, A.E., and B.D. Spiess
1987  New England Pandemic of 1616-1622: Cause and Archaeological Implication. Man
in the Northeast 34:71-83.

Spiess, A.E., and D. Wilson
1989  Paleoindian Lithic Distribution in the New England-Maritimes Region. In Eastern
Paleoindian Lithic Resource Use, edited by C.J. Ellis and J.C. Lothrop, pp. 75-97. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado.

Steinitz, M., C. Dempsey, M. Stachiw, C. Worsham, E. Johnson, T. Mahlstedt, and J. Bradley
1985  Historic and Archaeological Resources of Central Massachusetts. Massachusetts
Historical Commission, Boston.

Taylor, W.H.
1998  Soil Survey of Worcester County, Massachusetts, Southern Part. Natural Resources
Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.

Taylor, W.H., and C.F. Hotz
1985  Soil Survey of Worcester County, Massachusetts, Northeastern Part. Natural
Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington.

Temple, J.H.
1887  History of North Brookfield, Massachusetts. Town of Brookfield, Massachusetts.

Thomas, P.A.
1991  Vermont=s Prehistoric Culture Heritage. Vermont Historic Preservation Plan, State
of Vermont. Division of Historic Preservation, Montpelier, Vermont.

Trumbull, J.H.
1903  Natick Dictionary. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 25. Smithsonian
Institution, Washington, D.C.

Tuck, J.A.
1976  Newfoundland and Labrador Prehistory. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa.

United States Geological Survey (USGS)
1898  Marlborough, Massachusetts, Topographic Quadrangle, 15-minute series,
1:62,500.

1943  Clinton, Massachusetts, Topographic Quadrangle, 7.5-minute series, 1:24,000.

1943  Hudson, Massachusetts, Topographic Quadrangle, 7.5-minute series, 1:24,000.

1979  Clinton, Massachusetts, Topographic Quadrangle, 7.5-minute series, 1:25,000.

1979  Hudson, Massachusetts, Topographic Quadrangle, 7.5-minute series, 1:25,000.

1989  Boston, Massachusetts-Rhode Island-Connecticut, Quadrangle, 30  60-minute
series, 1:100,000.

1997  Hudson, Massachusetts, Topographic Quadrangle, 7.5  15-minute metric series,
1:25,000.

Walling, H.
1857  Map of Bolton and Berlin, Massachusetts. Copy on file at the Bolton Historical
Society, Bolton, Massachusetts.

Webb, Thompson III
1982  Temporal Resolution in Holocene Pollen Data. Proceedings of the 3rd North
American Paleontological Convention, Vol. 2, August.

Whitcomb, E.
1938  History of Bolton, 1738-1938. Copy on file at the Bolton Public Library, Bolton,
Massachusetts.

1988  About Bolton. Heritage Books, Inc., Bowie, Maryland.

Whitney, P.
1793  The History of the County of Worcester. Isaiah Thomas, Worcester.

Wilkie, R., and J. Tager
1991  Historical Atlas of Massachusetts. University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst,
Massachusetts.

Williams, Roger
1936 [1643]  A Key into the Language of America. Fifth edition. The Rhode Island and
Providence Plantations Tercentenary Commission, Providence.

Winslow, Edward
1910 [1624]  Relation. Reprinted in Chronicles of the Pilgrim Fathers, edited by Ernest
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Wood, J., and M. Steinitz
1997  The New England Village. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.

Worcester County
1879  History of Worcester County. C.F. Jewett and Company, Boston.

Yesner, D.R.
1988  Subsistence and Diet in North-Temperate Coastal Hunter-Gatherers: Evidence
from the Moshier Island Burial Site, Southwestern Maine. In Diet and Subsistence: Current Archaeological Perspectives, edited by B.V. Kennedy and G.M. LeMoine, pp. 207-226. Proceedings of the 18th Annual Chacmool Conference, Department of Archaeology, University of Calgary.


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